The concept for overclocking is simple: You change the settings to increase the speed of the processor, memory, buses, and so on, until the system becomes unstable. Then you can go back in and reduce the settings until the system is stable again. In this manner, you find the maximum sustainable speed for a system. Because each processor is different, even ones with the same ratings can end up allowing different maximum stable speeds.
Why can some chips be clocked faster than others? The reason is in how they are manufactured and marked. As an example, the first Pentium 4 chips based on the Prescott core used die that were 112 square mm on 300mm wafers, resulting in a maximum of 529 full die per wafer. Due to defects, many of those die wouldn’t work, but let’s say that 423 (about an 80% yield) were good. Intel initially sold the Prescott core processors at speeds from 2.4GHz through 3.4GHz. This means that all the die on each wafer were designed to potentially run at the highest rated speed. However, out of the good (working) die, testing would show that while some of those would indeed run at the highest 3.4GHz rated speed, others would only work reliably at lower speeds. The finished chips would have been sorted into bins according to their speed test results.
Early in manufacturing a given processor design, the sorted bins of chips at the end of the line would contain more that passed only the lower speed tests, and fewer that ran at the highest speeds. This is why the fastest chips are the most expensive—generally fewer of the chips produced on a given day will pass the testing at that speed. Eventually, however, as the manufacturing processes and chip design are tweaked, more and more of the finished chips end up passing the higher-speed tests. But because lower-speed chips are priced less and sell more, the manufacturer might have to dip into the faster bins and mark those chips at the lower speeds to fill the larger number of orders.
Essentially what I’m saying is that chipmakers such as Intel and AMD make all the chips on a wafer identically and try to make them so they will all run at the highest speeds. If you purchase one of the lesser-rated chips, you really have the same chip (die) as the higher-rated versions; the difference is the higher-rated ones are guaranteed to run at the higher speeds, whereas the lower-rated ones are not. That is where overclockers come in.
Users who overclock their systems purchase chips rated at lower speeds and essentially do their own testing to see if they will run at higher speeds. They can also start with the highest-rated chips and see whether they can run them even faster, but success there is much more limited. The most successful overclocking is almost always with the lowest-rated speed of a given design, and those chips are also sold for the lowest price. In other words, statistically you might be able to find many of the lowestspeed grade chips that are capable of running at the highest-speed grade (because they are essentially identical during manufacture); however, if you start with the highest-speed grade, you might be able to increase the speed only a very small percentage. The key to remember is that a difference exists between the rated speed of a chip and the actual maximum speed at which it runs. Manufacturers such as Intel and AMD have to be conservative when they rate chips, so a chip of a given rating is almost always capable of running at least some margin of speed faster than the rating—the question is, how much faster? Unfortunately the only way to know that is by trying it out—that is, by testing chips individually.
Надам се да разумијете превод. Укратко, приликом производње процесори се тестирају и одвајају према категоријама/брзинама. Пошто се највише траже/продају јефтинији процесори онда су произвођачи (Интел и АМД) проморани да брже процесоре продају под јефтиније. А наравно, то раде тако што смање радну фреквенцију, кеш, или искључе језгро итд.
Дакле, сваки чип може радити на фреквенцији већој од фабричке а на нама је да то откријемо методом који се зове оверклоковање. Наравно, то захтјева одређена знања и вријеме потребно за тестирање.
По мом мишљењу, ако се правилно одради оверклоковање и добро провјери стабилност система нема никаквог штетног ефекта.
Шта ви мислите?
